MCQs of Economics – Natural Resources and the Environment: Toward Sustainable Development

Progress that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is

Land and natural resources are considered

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a(n) _____whose members agree to limit output and fix prices

Air pollution from automobile exhausts, and water pollution steel plants are examples of

Which of the following is an example of tragedy of commons?

The government levying taxes on polluters or charging a surcharge for pesticide use are

Negative externality is also known as:

Which of the following country has 25 percent of the world’s estimated oil reserves and the lowest cost production as well as a dominant role in OPEC pricing?

The booming of North Seas’ gas export revenues in the 1970s that appreciated the guilder, making industrial export more costly in foreign currencies and increasing foreign competition and unemployment is knonw as

Micheal Roemer’s three-sector model shows that growth in the booming export sector
I- reduces the price of foreign exchange
II- retards other sectors’ growth by reducing incentives to export other commodities
III- reduces incentives to replace domestic goods for imports
IV- raises factor and input prices for non-booming sectors

Theodore panayotou (1993) argues that environment degradation originates from the following EXCEPT

Deforestation
I- leads to localized flooding
II- reduces sustainable logging potential
III- reduces watershed stability
IV augments carbon restoration provided by forest

According to Coase’s theorem when property rights are well defined and legally enforceable and transactions costs are not prohibitive

Irreversibility refers to

Many environmental resources are public goods, which are characterized by

Biodiversity

The green house effect is the phenomenon by which

The Montreal Protocal, signed in 1987 and strengthened in 1990

The Club of Rome Study, The Limits to Growth suggests that as natural resources diminish

The Genuine Progress indicator is