Psychology - Learning
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- Answered
- Review
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Question 1 of 144
1. Question
Learning is based on:
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Question 2 of 144
2. Question
Who founded the school of psychology known as Behaviorism
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Question 3 of 144
3. Question
In classical conditioning two______are associated.
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Question 4 of 144
4. Question
Ivan Paviov was a:
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Question 5 of 144
5. Question
Which of the following might serve as a secondary reinforcer?
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Question 6 of 144
6. Question
The process of change:
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Question 7 of 144
7. Question
A child proceeds from infancy to:
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Question 8 of 144
8. Question
At birth, a child is unable to:
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Question 9 of 144
9. Question
The change in an individual occurs when he:
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Question 10 of 144
10. Question
the changes due to experience
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Question 11 of 144
11. Question
The natural changes are:
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Question 12 of 144
12. Question
The behavioral changes due to experience:
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Question 13 of 144
13. Question
Which of the following is included in the concept of learning:
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Question 14 of 144
14. Question
The changes due to learning:
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Question 15 of 144
15. Question
The response of an individual emerging from an experience:
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Question 16 of 144
16. Question
Learning is a:
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Question 17 of 144
17. Question
Which of the following is not necessary for the process of learning:
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Question 18 of 144
18. Question
the direct experience:
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Question 19 of 144
19. Question
In learning by trial & error, an individual:
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Question 20 of 144
20. Question
In learning by trial & error, an individual carries on his work unless
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Question 21 of 144
21. Question
Which of the following is the first step of learning by trial & error:
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Question 22 of 144
22. Question
To see the people during and try to do the same is:
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Question 23 of 144
23. Question
Drinking water to extinguish thirst is
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Question 24 of 144
24. Question
The act of imitation:
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Question 25 of 144
25. Question
In the act of imitation, an individual:
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Question 26 of 144
26. Question
Which of the following action is not concerned with learning by imitation:
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Question 27 of 144
27. Question
Delivery of correct pronunciation is concerned with learning by
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Question 28 of 144
28. Question
In learning by insight, an individual:
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Question 29 of 144
29. Question
In Pavlov’s experiment the dog’s food powder served as a (n)
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Question 30 of 144
30. Question
If Pavlov wanted to stop his dogs from salivating to the sound of a bell he would put them through______training.
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Question 31 of 144
31. Question
Just the sight of Mary’s sexy nightgown makes Jim aroused. Mary’s nightgown serves as(n)
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Question 32 of 144
32. Question
A child who has been frightened by a dog develops a fear response to all dogs. This is known as:
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Question 33 of 144
33. Question
Rahila found that a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus only if it is contingent and:
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Question 34 of 144
34. Question
Watson trained Little Albert to fear a white rat. In his experiment the loud noise was a (n):
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Question 35 of 144
35. Question
Edward Thorndike established the
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Question 36 of 144
36. Question
Negative reinforcement occurs when behavior
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Question 37 of 144
37. Question
By definition_______always reduces the probability of a response occurring again.
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Question 38 of 144
38. Question
The technique of using desensittization involves:
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Question 39 of 144
39. Question
A dog that gets rewarded for the first bark it makes in each ten minute period is being reinforced on a_____schedule of reinforcement.
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Question 40 of 144
40. Question
In Pavlov’s experiments with dogs, food was the
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Question 41 of 144
41. Question
In_______-reinforcement, the reinforcer follows every correct response.
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Question 42 of 144
42. Question
In Pavlov’s experiments with dogs, salivation was the
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Question 43 of 144
43. Question
The presentation of an aversive stimulus of the removal of a positive stimulus are both examples of
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Question 44 of 144
44. Question
In classical conditioning, learning is evident when a
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Question 45 of 144
45. Question
In Thorndike’s law of effect, events critical for conditioning
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Question 46 of 144
46. Question
If you have a snake phobia because you once heard a loud noise while looking at a snake, for you a snake is a (n)
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Question 47 of 144
47. Question
After repeatedly pairing a tone with meat powder, Pavlov found that a dog will salivate when the tone is presented. Salivation to the tone is a (n):
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Question 48 of 144
48. Question
Sam’s wife always wears the same black nightgown whenever she is “in the mood” for sexual relations. Sam becomes sexually aroused as soon as he sees his wife in the nightgown. For Sam, the night is a (n):
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Question 49 of 144
49. Question
Watson and Rayner (1`920) conditioned “Little Albert’ to fear white rats by banging a hammer on a steel bar as the child played with a white rat. Later, it was discovered that Albert feared not only white rats but white stuffed toys and Santa’s beard as well. Albert’s fear of these other objects can be attributed to:
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Question 50 of 144
50. Question
The phenomenon of higher-order conditioning shows that:
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Question 51 of 144
51. Question
Which of the following statements is (are) true?
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Question 52 of 144
52. Question
A pigeon in a Skinner box is pecking the disk at a high, steady rate. The graph portraying this pigeon’s responding will have:
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Question 53 of 144
53. Question
A primary reinforcer has______reinforcing properties; a secondary reinforcer has______reinforcing properties.
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Question 54 of 144
54. Question
The steady, rapid responding of a person playing a slot machine is an example of the pattern of responding typically generated on a_______schedule.
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Question 55 of 144
55. Question
Positive reinforcement_______the rate of responding negative reinforcement________the rate of responding.
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Question 56 of 144
56. Question
Research on avoidance learning suggests that a fear response is acquired through_________conditioning: the avoidance response is maintained as a result of______conditioning.
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Question 57 of 144
57. Question
Nolan used to love tequila. However, a few weeks ago he drank way too much tequila and became very, very sick. His tendency to drink tenquila has since declined dramatically. In operant terms, this sequence of events represents:
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Question 58 of 144
58. Question
According to Rescorla, the strength of a conditioned response depends on:
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Question 59 of 144
59. Question
Skinner maintained that reinforcement determines the acquisition of a response; Bandura maintains that reinforcement determines the_______of a response.
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Question 60 of 144
60. Question
The link between physical and subsequent aggressive behavior is probably best explained by:
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Question 61 of 144
61. Question
The second step in a self-modification program is to:
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Question 62 of 144
62. Question
Which type of learning occurs when one stimulus predicts the occurence of of another?
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Question 63 of 144
63. Question
A series of responses that gradually approach a desired pattern of behavior are called
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Question 64 of 144
64. Question
One difference between classical and operant conditioning is that
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Question 65 of 144
65. Question
In classical conditioning, events critical to the learning occur________the response.
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Question 66 of 144
66. Question
A punisher can be:
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Question 67 of 144
67. Question
In operant conditioning, what is the relationship between events critical to learning and the response to be learned?
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Question 68 of 144
68. Question
In sight is a process is which an individual:
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Question 69 of 144
69. Question
Employing the learning by insight approach, an individual can benefit himself from various solutions of problems and thereby:
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Question 70 of 144
70. Question
An individual learns through:
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Question 71 of 144
71. Question
Which of the following is the central point of learning through insight:
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Question 72 of 144
72. Question
In learning by insight, an individual:
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Question 73 of 144
73. Question
Skills become the part of behavior when:
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Question 74 of 144
74. Question
which of the following method of learning is used in learning by doing:
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Question 75 of 144
75. Question
In learning by doing, learning comes through:
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Question 76 of 144
76. Question
Which of the following is decided in learning by doing:
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Question 77 of 144
77. Question
In case of failure in learning through doing, an individual is able:
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Question 78 of 144
78. Question
learning the process of change in:
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Question 79 of 144
79. Question
which of the following is not included in the law of learning:
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Question 80 of 144
80. Question
Learning cannot become meaningful unless an individual is not
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Question 81 of 144
81. Question
Which of the following has a significant role in the learning process:
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Question 82 of 144
82. Question
Readiness refers to:
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Question 83 of 144
83. Question
Which of the following learning cannot be durable and effective:
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Question 84 of 144
84. Question
If the result of an activity are pleasant:
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Question 85 of 144
85. Question
The connection between stimulus and response depends on:
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Question 86 of 144
86. Question
Which of the following is closely associated with the effectiveness of the law of effect:
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Question 87 of 144
87. Question
If an activity is difficult to do:
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Question 88 of 144
88. Question
Which of the following is also called factors influencing learning:
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Question 89 of 144
89. Question
Motivation is:
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Question 90 of 144
90. Question
Which of the following is produced in an individual by motivation:
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Question 91 of 144
91. Question
The interest of an individual is:
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Question 92 of 144
92. Question
Which of the following is the key factor in the selection of interests:
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Question 93 of 144
93. Question
Escape from punishment is:
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Question 94 of 144
94. Question
An individual can only easily learn if:
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Question 95 of 144
95. Question
Which of the following is the change factor of tends and interests:
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Question 96 of 144
96. Question
If an activity please a child:
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Question 97 of 144
97. Question
Attention refers to:
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Question 98 of 144
98. Question
Attention and interest:
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Question 99 of 144
99. Question
Attention is:
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Question 100 of 144
100. Question
A child learns attitudes
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Question 101 of 144
101. Question
thoughts and ideas of the individual ate termed as:
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Question 102 of 144
102. Question
Which of the following question is frequently raised in the conditions of learning:
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Question 103 of 144
103. Question
According to through behaviorists, learning of an individual can be seen though:
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Question 104 of 144
104. Question
Who was the founding father of classical conditioning:
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Question 105 of 144
105. Question
the connection between stimulus and response is called:
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Question 106 of 144
106. Question
Which of the following is the base of learning of an individual according to the cognitive psychologist:
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Question 107 of 144
107. Question
Inner faculties and intellectual processing are concerned with:
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Question 108 of 144
108. Question
According to the cognitive psychologist the observable behavior:
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Question 109 of 144
109. Question
Koffka and Koehler were concerned with:
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Question 110 of 144
110. Question
changes due to learning are:
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Question 111 of 144
111. Question
If the conditioned stimulus is presented many times without reinforcement, we can expect
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Question 112 of 144
112. Question
A child has leaned to avoid a furry, black cat. However, she still plays with her grandmother’s short-haired tabby.Her response demonstrates
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Question 113 of 144
113. Question
Punishment is most effective in suppressing behavior when it is
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Question 114 of 144
114. Question
the greatest degree of resistance to extinction is typically caused by a _______schedule of reinforcement.
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Question 115 of 144
115. Question
lvan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of:
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Question 116 of 144
116. Question
In Pavlov’s experiments with dogs, the bell (prior to conditioning) was the
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Question 117 of 144
117. Question
What is learning?
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Question 118 of 144
118. Question
A child can learn only:
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Question 119 of 144
119. Question
Learning enables an individual:
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Question 120 of 144
120. Question
Who put forward the theory of connectionism?
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Question 121 of 144
121. Question
Meaningful of an act for a child means to what extent
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Question 122 of 144
122. Question
The unarranged and disordered poems:
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Question 123 of 144
123. Question
Which of the following increases the pace of development:
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Question 124 of 144
124. Question
Attitude refers to the inner state of an individual which influences:
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Question 125 of 144
125. Question
Learning is best defined as a process that involves:
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Question 126 of 144
126. Question
Which of the following does NOT represent a form of learning?
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Question 127 of 144
127. Question
The fundamental element required for learning through classical conditioning is:
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Question 128 of 144
128. Question
Consider this sequence: (1) food, (2) salivation with food (3) light with food, (4) salivation with light. This procedure for presenting stimuli and observing responses with dogs is based on Pavlov’s experiments, and represents which sequence of classical conditioning?
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Question 129 of 144
129. Question
Which of the following statements about Pavlov’s dogs is FALSE?
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Question 130 of 144
130. Question
The basic understanding of the relationship between unconditioned response (UR) and conditioned response (CR) includes which of the following ideas?
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Question 131 of 144
131. Question
Which of the following is accurate in relation to the law of effect?
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Question 132 of 144
132. Question
Which of the following phenomena demonstrate the importance of classical conditioning for human behaviour?
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Question 133 of 144
133. Question
Which of the following statements applies to instrumental learning?
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Question 134 of 144
134. Question
Instrumental learning differs from classical conditioning in which of the following ways?
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Question 135 of 144
135. Question
Not every organism will learn at the same rate as a result of:
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Question 136 of 144
136. Question
Which TWO of the following statements are true of blocking?
1: The phenomenon of blocking provides an interesting and much-studied instance of failure to learn, in spite of contiguous presentations of the CS and the US.
2: In a blocking experiment, animals receive training with what is termed a compound CS (Phase 2).
3: The experimental group has first received a phase of training in which the US alone is conditioned (Phase 1).
4: The experimental groups shows no (or very little evidence of learning about the CS that is presented in Phase 1.Correct
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Question 137 of 144
137. Question
Which THREE of the following are true regarding habituation and dishabituation?
1:Habituation involves a gradual reduction in the magnitude of the response to repeated presentation of the response of a stimulus.
2:In dishabituation, the response returns when a salient extraneous stimulus is presented just before a trial with the habituated stimulus.
3:Habituation is caused by sensory-motor fatigue.
4:Habituation occurs as a consequence of the repeated presentation of a single event.Correct
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Question 138 of 144
138. Question
Which of the following does NOT apply to spatial learning in the rat?
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Question 139 of 144
139. Question
What type of learning do not rely on forming associations among stimuli and events?
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Question 140 of 144
140. Question
If you intended to stop at the corner shop on the way home from school, but instead took your usual path from school to your home and missed the corner shop, then your behaviour has been controlled by which type of learning?
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Question 141 of 144
141. Question
How might behaviours of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) explained by principles of instrumental learning?
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Question 142 of 144
142. Question
Which TWO of the following are true of the learning set procedure?
1:The animals learns to focus on classes of cues that are inaccurate predictors of reward.
2:In the win-stay, lose-shift strategy, the animal learns to persist with a choice that yields food, but shift to the other object if it does not.
3:In the learning-set procedure, all stimuli and associations have equal effect on the animal’s behaviour.
4:The occurrence of reward can be regarded as a stimulus that can enter into associations or acquire discriminative control over an instrumental action.Correct
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Question 143 of 144
143. Question
Phobias can be very debilitating and distressing phenomena. Which, if any, of the following statements are correct in relation to Watson and Rayner’s (1920) research into them?
1:Watson and Rayner speculated that the complexity of emotional responsiveness in adults might be explained by the conditioning of children’s simple emotional reactions when they are exposed to new stimuli.
2:Watson and Rayner found evidence for emotional from a test trial in which the rat was accompanied by the nosie.
3:The fear reaction in Albert could be produced by a loud noise.
4:None of the above.Correct
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Question 144 of 144
144. Question
Which of the following statements applies to Gracia and Koelling(1966), animals given LiCl as the US showed an aversion to the light and the click.
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